The Masilonyana Local Municipality (FS181) was established in term of the Municipal Structure Act and the Municipal Demarcation Act. The municipality forms part of Lejweleputswa District Municipality (FS184) . The municipality head office, Theunissen is situated 102 kilometers from Bloemfontein and approximately 55 kilometers from Welkom. The municipality comprises of former five Transitional Local Councils, that is, Theunissen, Brandfort, Winburg, Verkeerdevlei and Soutpan. The municipality covers an area of 679608. 6ha of which 77. 7 % has remained as natural habitat. There is one formal land-based protected areas in the municipality, namely the Sandveld Nature Reserve (1740. 9ha) . There are no RAMSAR sites in the municipality. There is one biome in the municipality, namely Grassland. Nine vegetation types, are found in the municipal area.